:root {
  --paper: #f2f2f0;
  --ink: #0c0c0c;
  --muted: #5c5c5c;
  --line: #d0d0ca;
  --soft: #e8e8e4;
  --blue: #0165FC;
  --red: #e23b2f;
  --accent: #e23b2f;
  --clay: var(--blue);
  --clay-deep: #014fcc;
  --sans: "Source Sans 3", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif;
  --mono: "IBM Plex Mono", "Courier New", monospace;
  --page-gutter: clamp(16px, 3vw, 48px);
}

* { box-sizing: border-box; }
html {
  scroll-behavior: smooth;
  scroll-padding-top: 72px;
  overflow-x: clip;
}
body {
  margin: 0;
  background: var(--paper);
  color: var(--ink);
  font-family: var(--sans);
  overflow-x: clip;
  max-width: 100%;
}
img,
svg,
video,
iframe {
  max-width: 100%;
  height: auto;
}
a { color: inherit; text-decoration: none; }
#app { min-width: 0; max-width: 100%; }

.site-header {
  position: sticky;
  top: 0;
  z-index: 50;
  height: 72px;
  padding: 0 var(--page-gutter);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 16px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--paper) 95%, transparent);
  backdrop-filter: blur(12px);
}
.identity {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 18px;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: .12em;
}
.identity strong { font-size: 14px; }
.identity span {
  padding-left: 18px;
  border-left: 1px solid var(--line);
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 12px;
}
.site-header nav { display: flex; gap: 26px; }
.site-header nav a {
  position: relative;
  font-size: 12px;
  letter-spacing: .12em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.site-header nav a::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  left: 0;
  right: 100%;
  bottom: -9px;
  height: 1px;
  background: var(--ink);
  transition: right .2s ease;
}
.site-header nav a:hover::after,
.site-header nav a:focus-visible::after { right: 0; }
.site-header nav a.nav-cv {
  color: var(--accent);
  font-weight: 600;
}
.site-header nav a.nav-cv::after { background: var(--accent); }

.work-index {
  min-height: calc(100vh - 72px);
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, min(30vw, 420px)) minmax(0, 1fr);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}
.work-index > header {
  padding: clamp(32px, 7vw, 96px) var(--page-gutter) clamp(24px, 4vw, 64px);
  border-right: 1px solid var(--line);
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  min-width: 0;
}
.work-index > header > p,
.practice-index > p {
  margin: 0;
  font-size: 13px;
  letter-spacing: .24em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.work-index h1 {
  margin: 8vh 0 0;
  font: clamp(42px, 7.2vw, 132px)/.82 Georgia, serif;
  font-weight: 400;
  letter-spacing: -.055em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  overflow-wrap: anywhere;
}
.work-index > header > span {
  max-width: 310px;
  margin-top: auto;
  padding-top: 40px;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 15px;
  line-height: 1.6;
}
.index-table { padding: clamp(32px, 7vw, 96px) var(--page-gutter) clamp(24px, 4vw, 64px); min-width: 0; }
.index-table > a {
  min-height: 135px;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 55px minmax(0, 1.1fr) minmax(0, 1fr) minmax(0, 180px) 30px;
  gap: clamp(10px, 1.5vw, 20px);
  align-items: center;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  transition: background .25s ease, padding .25s ease;
  min-width: 0;
}
.index-table > a:last-child { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.index-table > a:hover,
.index-table > a:focus-visible {
  padding-inline: 18px;
  background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--accent) 10%, transparent);
  outline: none;
}
.index-no { color: var(--accent); font: 19px Georgia, serif; }
.index-table strong {
  display: block;
  margin-bottom: 8px;
  font: clamp(21px, 2vw, 34px)/1 Georgia, serif;
  font-weight: 400;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.index-table div > span,
.index-table p,
.index-count {
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 12px;
  line-height: 1.5;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: .08em;
}
.index-table p { max-width: 250px; }
.index-count { color: var(--ink); }
.index-arrow { color: var(--accent); font-size: 22px; }

.project-chapter {
  --accent: #ef5a45;
  border-top: 5px solid var(--accent);
}
.chapter-cover {
  min-height: clamp(360px, 56vh, 600px);
  padding: clamp(28px, 5vw, 72px) var(--page-gutter);
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 16vw) minmax(0, 1.1fr) minmax(0, .9fr);
  gap: clamp(18px, 4vw, 56px);
  align-items: center;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: var(--paper);
}
.chapter-number {
  align-self: start;
  color: var(--accent);
  font: clamp(64px, 12vw, 250px)/.7 Georgia, serif;
  letter-spacing: -.08em;
}
.chapter-title > p,
.chapter-title > strong {
  font-size: 13px;
  line-height: 1.5;
  letter-spacing: .12em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.chapter-title > p { color: var(--muted); }
.chapter-title h2 {
  max-width: 720px;
  margin: 24px 0;
  font: clamp(34px, 5.4vw, 104px)/.9 Georgia, serif;
  font-weight: 400;
  letter-spacing: -.055em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  overflow-wrap: anywhere;
}
.chapter-title > strong { display: block; max-width: 430px; color: var(--accent); }
.chapter-statement { border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
.chapter-statement > div {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 90px 1fr;
  gap: 22px;
  padding: 24px 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}
.chapter-statement span,
.rail-sticky > span,
.group-header p,
.practice-chapter header > div > p {
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 12px;
  letter-spacing: .12em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.chapter-statement p {
  margin: 0;
  font: 18px/1.45 Georgia, serif;
}

.chapter-body {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 270px) minmax(0, 1fr);
}
.project-rail { border-right: 1px solid var(--line); min-width: 0; }
.rail-sticky {
  position: sticky;
  top: 72px;
  min-height: calc(100vh - 72px);
  padding: 38px 28px;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
}
.rail-sticky > strong {
  margin: 12px 0;
  font: 24px/1 Georgia, serif;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.rail-sticky > p {
  margin: 0 0 38px;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 12px;
  line-height: 1.5;
}
.rail-sticky nav { border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
.rail-sticky nav button {
  width: 100%;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 30px 1fr;
  gap: 12px;
  padding: 13px 0;
  border: 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: transparent;
  color: inherit;
  font-family: inherit;
  font-size: 12px;
  line-height: 1.35;
  text-align: left;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  transition: color .2s ease, padding .2s ease;
  cursor: pointer;
}
.rail-sticky nav button span { color: var(--accent); }
.rail-sticky nav button:hover,
.rail-sticky nav button:focus-visible,
.rail-sticky nav button.active {
  padding-left: 8px;
  color: var(--accent);
  outline: none;
  background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--accent) 7%, transparent);
}
.back-link {
  margin-top: auto;
  padding-top: 28px;
  font-size: 12px;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.chapter-content { min-width: 0; }

.content-group {
  min-height: 90vh;
  padding: clamp(40px, 6vw, 88px) var(--page-gutter);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}
.group-header {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 70px minmax(0, .8fr) minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: clamp(16px, 2.5vw, 30px);
  align-items: start;
  margin-bottom: 50px;
}
.group-code {
  color: var(--accent);
  font: 18px Georgia, serif;
}
.group-header p { margin: 0 0 9px; }
.group-header h3 {
  margin: 0;
  font: clamp(30px, 4vw, 60px)/.95 Georgia, serif;
  font-weight: 400;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.group-header .group-note {
  max-width: 620px;
  padding-top: 20px;
  color: var(--ink);
  font: 15px/1.55 Georgia, serif;
  letter-spacing: 0;
  text-transform: none;
}

.media-layout { display: grid; gap: 24px 18px; align-items: start; }
.layout-grid-2 { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)); }
.layout-grid-3 { grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr)); }
.layout-grid-4 { grid-template-columns: repeat(4, minmax(0, 1fr)); }
.layout-strip { grid-template-columns: repeat(5, minmax(0, 1fr)); }
.layout-feature {
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.8fr) repeat(2, minmax(0, .6fr));
}
.layout-feature .media-card:first-child { grid-row: span 2; }
.layout-feature .media-card:nth-child(n + 4) { grid-column: span 1; }
.layout-grid-3 .shape-panorama,
.layout-grid-2 .shape-panorama,
.layout-grid-4 .shape-panorama { grid-column: 1 / -1; }
.layout-grid-3 .shape-hero { grid-column: span 2; }
.layout-grid-4 .shape-landscape { grid-column: span 2; }

.media-card {
  min-width: 0;
  margin: 0;
}
.media-photo {
  position: relative;
  width: 100%;
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 1px solid #bcbcb4;
  background: var(--soft);
}
.media-photo img,
.media-photo video,
.media-photo iframe {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  background: transparent;
  border: 0;
}
.media-photo.media-video,
.media-photo.media-video video {
  background: #0c0c0c;
}
.media-photo.media-pdf {
  position: relative;
  background: #fff;
}
.media-photo.media-pdf iframe {
  object-fit: contain;
  background: #fff;
  min-height: 100%;
}
.shape-hero .media-photo { aspect-ratio: 4 / 3; }
.shape-landscape .media-photo { aspect-ratio: 3 / 2; }
.shape-panorama .media-photo { aspect-ratio: 16 / 9; }
.shape-portrait .media-photo { aspect-ratio: 3 / 4; }
.shape-square .media-photo { aspect-ratio: 1 / 1; }
.shape-drawing .media-photo {
  aspect-ratio: 4 / 3;
  background: transparent;
}
.shape-drawing .media-photo img,
.shape-drawing .media-photo.media-pdf iframe { object-fit: contain; background: transparent; }

/* Real media outside the stage: keep native proportions */
.media-photo:has(> img),
.media-photo:has(> video) {
  aspect-ratio: auto;
  height: auto;
  background: transparent;
}
.media-photo:has(> img) img,
.media-photo:has(> video) video {
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  object-fit: contain;
  background: transparent;
}

.film-card .media-photo {
  width: 100%;
  aspect-ratio: 3 / 2;
  border: 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: transparent;
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
}
.film-card .media-photo:has(> img) {
  aspect-ratio: 3 / 2;
}
.film-card .media-photo img {
  width: auto;
  height: auto;
  max-width: 100%;
  max-height: 100%;
  object-fit: contain;
  background: transparent;
}
.film-card .media-photo.media-pdf { aspect-ratio: 4 / 3; }
.film-card.active .media-photo { outline: 1px solid var(--accent); outline-offset: -1px; }
.placeholder {
  position: relative;
  width: 100%;
  min-height: 0;
  aspect-ratio: 3 / 2;
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 1px solid #bcbcb4;
  background:
    linear-gradient(32deg, transparent calc(50% - .5px), #cacac3 50%, transparent calc(50% + .5px)),
    linear-gradient(-32deg, transparent calc(50% - .5px), #cacac3 50%, transparent calc(50% + .5px)),
    linear-gradient(#f2f2ed, #ecece7);
}
.placeholder::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  inset: 9px;
  border: 1px dashed #d3d3cc;
}
.placeholder-word {
  color: #aaa9a2;
  font: clamp(20px, 2.2vw, 38px) Georgia, serif;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.placeholder-code,
.placeholder-format {
  position: absolute;
  top: 13px;
  z-index: 2;
  padding: 3px 5px;
  background: var(--paper);
  font-size: 11px;
  letter-spacing: .1em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.placeholder-code { left: 13px; color: var(--accent); }
.placeholder-format { right: 13px; color: var(--muted); }
.shape-hero .placeholder { aspect-ratio: 4 / 3; }
.shape-landscape .placeholder { aspect-ratio: 3 / 2; }
.shape-panorama .placeholder { aspect-ratio: 16 / 9; }
.shape-portrait .placeholder { aspect-ratio: 3 / 4; }
.shape-square .placeholder { aspect-ratio: 1 / 1; }
.shape-drawing .placeholder {
  aspect-ratio: 4 / 3;
  background:
    repeating-linear-gradient(0deg, transparent 0 30px, #deded8 31px),
    repeating-linear-gradient(90deg, transparent 0 30px, #deded8 31px),
    linear-gradient(32deg, transparent calc(50% - .5px), #cacac3 50%, transparent calc(50% + .5px)),
    #f6f6f2;
}

.project-gallery {
  min-width: 0;
  min-height: 0;
  padding: clamp(28px, 4vw, 46px) var(--page-gutter) 32px;
  overflow: visible;
}
.gallery-header {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 64px minmax(0, .85fr) minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: clamp(14px, 2vw, 28px);
  align-items: start;
  margin-bottom: 28px;
}
.gallery-code { color: var(--accent); font: 18px Georgia, serif; }
.gallery-header > div > p {
  margin: 0 0 8px;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 12px;
  letter-spacing: .12em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.gallery-header h3 {
  margin: 0;
  font: clamp(27px, 3vw, 48px)/.95 Georgia, serif;
  font-weight: 400;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.gallery-header > p {
  max-width: 580px;
  margin: 16px 0 0;
  font: 14px/1.5 Georgia, serif;
}
.gallery-stage {
  position: relative;
  max-width: 960px;
  width: 100%;
  margin: 0 auto;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: stretch;
}
.active-frame {
  position: relative;
  align-self: center;
  width: fit-content;
  max-width: 100%;
  height: fit-content;
  min-height: 0;
  display: block;
  padding: 0;
  overflow: visible;
  border: 1px solid #c9c9c1;
  background: transparent;
}
.active-frame:has(.placeholder) {
  width: 100%;
  aspect-ratio: 4 / 3;
  background: var(--soft);
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
  padding: 22px;
}
.active-frame.shape-drawing {
  background: transparent;
}
/* Stage frame must hug the image — kill card shape aspect ratios */
.active-frame.shape-hero .media-photo,
.active-frame.shape-landscape .media-photo,
.active-frame.shape-panorama .media-photo,
.active-frame.shape-portrait .media-photo,
.active-frame.shape-square .media-photo,
.active-frame.shape-drawing .media-photo,
.active-frame .media-photo,
.active-frame .media-photo:has(> img),
.active-frame .media-photo:has(> video) {
  width: fit-content;
  max-width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  max-height: none;
  aspect-ratio: auto;
  margin: 0;
  border: 0;
  background: transparent;
  overflow: visible;
}
.active-frame .media-photo.media-pdf {
  width: min(100%, 900px);
  max-height: min(72vh, 860px);
  aspect-ratio: 4 / 3;
  background: #fff;
  overflow: hidden;
}
.active-frame .media-photo img,
.active-frame .media-photo video,
.active-frame .media-photo:has(> img) img,
.active-frame .media-photo:has(> video) video {
  display: block;
  width: auto;
  height: auto;
  max-width: min(100%, 960px);
  max-height: min(78vh, 900px);
  object-fit: contain;
  object-position: center;
  background: transparent;
}
.active-frame .media-photo iframe { object-fit: contain; }
.active-frame .placeholder {
  width: auto;
  height: auto;
  min-height: 0;
  max-width: 100%;
  max-height: none;
  box-shadow: 0 12px 34px #1717170e;
}
.active-frame.shape-hero .placeholder,
.active-frame.shape-drawing .placeholder { width: 93%; aspect-ratio: 4 / 3; }
.active-frame.shape-landscape .placeholder { width: 100%; aspect-ratio: 3 / 2; }
.active-frame.shape-panorama .placeholder { width: 100%; aspect-ratio: 16 / 9; }
.active-frame.shape-portrait .placeholder { width: 52%; aspect-ratio: 3 / 4; }
.active-frame.shape-square .placeholder { width: 70%; aspect-ratio: 1 / 1; }
.journal-btn {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr auto;
  grid-template-rows: auto auto;
  column-gap: 14px;
  align-items: center;
  margin: 28px 0 0;
  padding: 18px 18px 16px;
  border: 1px solid var(--accent);
  background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--accent) 8%, #fff);
  color: var(--ink);
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: background .2s ease, color .2s ease, border-color .2s ease, transform .2s ease;
}
.journal-btn span {
  grid-column: 1;
  color: var(--accent);
  font: 500 10px/1.2 var(--mono);
  letter-spacing: .12em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.journal-btn strong {
  grid-column: 1;
  margin-top: 8px;
  font: 500 15px/1.25 var(--sans);
  letter-spacing: .02em;
}
.journal-btn i {
  grid-column: 2;
  grid-row: 1 / span 2;
  color: var(--accent);
  font: 400 22px/1 Georgia, serif;
  font-style: normal;
}
.journal-btn:hover,
.journal-btn:focus-visible {
  background: var(--accent);
  color: #fff;
  outline: none;
  transform: translateY(-1px);
}
.journal-btn:hover span,
.journal-btn:focus-visible span,
.journal-btn:hover i,
.journal-btn:focus-visible i {
  color: #fff;
}
.rail-sticky .journal-btn {
  margin-top: 22px;
}
.stage-caption {
  width: 100%;
  min-height: 52px;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 58px 100px 1fr auto;
  gap: 12px;
  align-items: center;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  font-size: 11px;
  line-height: 1.4;
  letter-spacing: .06em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.stage-caption > span:first-child { color: var(--accent); }
.stage-caption > span:nth-child(2),
.stage-caption > span:last-child { color: var(--muted); }
.stage-caption strong { font-weight: 500; }
.stage-controls {
  position: absolute;
  right: 10px;
  bottom: 10px;
  z-index: 3;
  display: flex;
  gap: 5px;
}
.stage-controls button {
  width: 42px;
  height: 42px;
  border: 1px solid var(--ink);
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--paper);
  color: var(--ink);
  font: 18px Georgia, serif;
  cursor: pointer;
}
.stage-controls button:hover,
.stage-controls button:focus-visible {
  background: var(--accent);
  color: white;
  border-color: var(--accent);
  outline: none;
}
.filmstrip {
  display: flex;
  gap: 12px;
  margin-top: 22px;
  padding: 0 0 14px;
  overflow-x: auto;
  overscroll-behavior-inline: contain;
  scroll-snap-type: x proximity;
  scrollbar-width: thin;
  scrollbar-color: var(--accent) var(--soft);
}
.film-card {
  flex: 0 0 210px;
  min-width: 0;
  padding: 0;
  border: 0;
  border-bottom: 2px solid transparent;
  background: transparent;
  color: inherit;
  font-family: inherit;
  text-align: left;
  scroll-snap-align: start;
  cursor: pointer;
}
.film-card.shape-portrait { flex-basis: 135px; }
.film-card.shape-square { flex-basis: 160px; }
.film-card.shape-panorama { flex-basis: 250px; }
.film-card .placeholder {
  width: 100%;
  height: 122px;
  aspect-ratio: auto;
  border-color: #d0d0c9;
}
.film-card .placeholder-format { display: none; }
.film-card > span,
.film-card > strong {
  display: block;
  padding-top: 7px;
  font-size: 11px;
  line-height: 1.35;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.film-card > span { color: var(--accent); }
.film-card > strong { padding-bottom: 8px; font-weight: 500; }
.film-card.active { border-color: var(--accent); }
.film-card.active .placeholder { border-color: var(--accent); }
.scroll-hint {
  margin: 4px 0 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 11px;
  letter-spacing: .1em;
  text-align: right;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.media-card figcaption {
  min-height: 58px;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 55px 90px 1fr;
  gap: 10px;
  align-items: start;
  padding: 10px 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  font-size: 11px;
  line-height: 1.45;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.media-card figcaption > span:first-child { color: var(--accent); }
.media-card figcaption > span:nth-child(2) { color: var(--muted); }
.media-card figcaption strong { font-weight: 500; letter-spacing: .05em; }

.practice-index {
  min-height: 55vh;
  padding: clamp(36px, 7vw, 96px) var(--page-gutter);
  border-top: 5px solid var(--ink);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}
.practice-index h2 {
  max-width: 900px;
  margin: 40px 0 70px;
  font: clamp(36px, 6vw, 100px)/.92 Georgia, serif;
  font-weight: 400;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  overflow-wrap: anywhere;
}
.practice-index > div {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
}
.practice-index a {
  min-height: 80px;
  padding: 22px 18px 22px 0;
  border-right: 1px solid var(--line);
  font-size: 13px;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.practice-index a:hover { color: #ef5a45; }

.practice-chapter {
  --accent: #ef5a45;
  padding: clamp(36px, 7vw, 96px) var(--page-gutter);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}
.practice-chapter > header {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 80px minmax(0, .9fr) minmax(0, 1.1fr);
  gap: clamp(16px, 2.5vw, 30px);
  align-items: start;
  margin-bottom: 58px;
}
.practice-chapter > header > span { color: #ef5a45; font: 18px Georgia, serif; }
.practice-chapter h2 {
  margin: 10px 0 0;
  font: clamp(32px, 5vw, 80px)/.9 Georgia, serif;
  font-weight: 400;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  overflow-wrap: anywhere;
}
.practice-chapter > header > p {
  max-width: 620px;
  margin: 26px 0 0;
  font: 17px/1.55 Georgia, serif;
}
.practice-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 22px;
  align-items: start;
}
.practice-matrix {
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 0;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-left: 1px solid var(--line);
}
.practice-matrix .media-card {
  min-width: 0;
  padding: 24px;
  border-right: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}
.practice-matrix .media-card .placeholder,
.practice-matrix .shape-hero .placeholder,
.practice-matrix .shape-landscape .placeholder,
.practice-matrix .shape-panorama .placeholder,
.practice-matrix .shape-portrait .placeholder,
.practice-matrix .shape-square .placeholder,
.practice-matrix .shape-drawing .placeholder {
  aspect-ratio: 4 / 3;
}
.practice-matrix .shape-hero { grid-column: auto; }
.practice-matrix .media-card .media-photo {
  aspect-ratio: auto;
  background: transparent;
}
.practice-matrix .media-card .media-photo img {
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  object-fit: contain;
  background: transparent;
}
.practice-matrix .media-card figcaption {
  min-height: 66px;
  border-bottom: 0;
}
.practice-matrix .media-card.has-variant {
  position: relative;
}
.gh-switch {
  position: absolute;
  top: 34px;
  left: 34px;
  z-index: 4;
  display: inline-flex;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--paper) 92%, #fff);
  backdrop-filter: blur(6px);
}
.gh-switch button {
  appearance: none;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 7px 10px;
  border: 0;
  background: transparent;
  color: var(--muted);
  font: 500 9px/1 var(--mono);
  letter-spacing: .1em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: color .18s ease, background .18s ease;
}
.gh-switch button + button {
  border-left: 1px solid var(--line);
}
.gh-switch button.is-active {
  color: var(--ink);
  background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--accent) 10%, transparent);
}
.gh-switch button:hover,
.gh-switch button:focus-visible {
  color: var(--accent);
  outline: none;
}

/* Physical models — cover-flow carousel (full-bleed) */
.models-chapter {
  padding-bottom: 0;
}
.models-chapter > header {
  margin-bottom: 40px;
}
.model-carousel {
  position: relative;
  width: 100vw;
  max-width: 100vw;
  margin-left: calc(50% - 50vw);
  margin-right: calc(50% - 50vw);
  display: block;
  min-height: min(88vh, 900px);
  padding: 44px 0 56px;
  background: var(--paper);
  color: var(--ink);
  overflow: hidden;
  outline: none;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}
.model-carousel:focus-visible {
  box-shadow: inset 0 0 0 1px color-mix(in srgb, var(--accent) 55%, transparent);
}
.model-carousel__stage {
  position: relative;
  width: 100%;
  height: min(78vh, 760px);
  perspective: 1700px;
  transform-style: preserve-3d;
}
.model-carousel__card {
  position: absolute;
  left: 50%;
  top: 50%;
  width: auto;
  height: auto;
  max-width: min(42vw, 560px);
  max-height: min(78vh, 760px);
  padding: 0;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: transparent;
  cursor: pointer;
  transform-origin: center center;
  transform-style: preserve-3d;
  /* vw-based spread fills the full page width */
  transform:
    translate3d(calc(-50% + var(--offset) * 17vw), -50%, calc(var(--abs) * -100px))
    rotateY(calc(var(--offset) * -32deg))
    scale(calc(1 - min(var(--abs) * 0.05, 0.24)));
  opacity: calc(1 - min(var(--abs) * 0.1, 0.45));
  z-index: calc(40 - var(--abs) * 2);
  transition:
    transform .55s cubic-bezier(.2, .8, .2, 1),
    opacity .45s ease,
    border-color .3s ease,
    box-shadow .45s ease;
  overflow: hidden;
}
.model-carousel__card.is-active {
  border-color: color-mix(in srgb, var(--accent) 55%, var(--line));
  box-shadow: 0 22px 54px rgba(12, 12, 12, 0.16);
  cursor: default;
}
.model-carousel__card img {
  display: block;
  width: auto;
  height: auto;
  max-width: min(42vw, 560px);
  max-height: min(78vh, 760px);
  object-fit: contain;
  object-position: center;
  pointer-events: none;
  user-select: none;
  background: transparent;
}
.model-carousel__nav {
  position: absolute;
  top: 50%;
  z-index: 50;
  translate: 0 -50%;
  width: 56px;
  height: 56px;
  border: 0;
  background: transparent;
  color: var(--ink);
  font: 400 42px/1 Georgia, serif;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: color .2s ease, transform .2s ease;
}
.model-carousel__nav[data-model-step="-1"] { left: clamp(8px, 1.5vw, 24px); }
.model-carousel__nav[data-model-step="1"] { right: clamp(8px, 1.5vw, 24px); }
.model-carousel__nav:hover,
.model-carousel__nav:focus-visible {
  color: var(--accent);
  outline: none;
  transform: scale(1.08);
}
.model-carousel__count {
  position: absolute;
  right: clamp(16px, 3vw, 40px);
  bottom: 18px;
  color: var(--muted);
  font: 500 11px/1 var(--mono);
  letter-spacing: .14em;
}
.model-carousel__count span { color: var(--ink); }

@media (width <= 900px) {
  .model-carousel {
    min-height: min(78vh, 680px);
    padding: 32px 0 48px;
  }
  .model-carousel__stage { height: min(66vh, 580px); }
  .model-carousel__card {
    max-width: min(62vw, 360px);
    max-height: min(66vh, 580px);
    transform:
      translate3d(calc(-50% + var(--offset) * 24vw), -50%, calc(var(--abs) * -80px))
      rotateY(calc(var(--offset) * -28deg))
      scale(calc(1 - min(var(--abs) * 0.06, 0.28)));
  }
  .model-carousel__card img {
    max-width: min(62vw, 360px);
    max-height: min(66vh, 580px);
  }
}

.photography-chapter > header {
  grid-template-columns: 80px minmax(0, .8fr) minmax(0, 1.2fr);
  gap: clamp(16px, 2.5vw, 30px);
  padding-bottom: 56px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}
.photography-chapter h2 {
  font-size: clamp(32px, 5vw, 80px);
  overflow-wrap: anywhere;
}
.photo-thesis {
  max-width: 760px;
  padding-top: 4px;
}
.photo-thesis .photo-kicker {
  margin: 0 0 24px;
  color: var(--accent);
  font: 8px/1.5 "IBM Plex Mono", "Courier New", monospace;
  letter-spacing: .12em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.photo-thesis h3 {
  margin: 0 0 24px;
  font: clamp(32px, 4vw, 58px)/.95 Georgia, serif;
  font-weight: 400;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.photo-thesis > p:not(.photo-kicker) {
  max-width: 690px;
  margin: 0 0 14px;
  color: #d5d5cf;
  font: 15px/1.6 Georgia, serif;
  letter-spacing: 0;
  text-transform: none;
}
.photo-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 1px;
  padding: 1px;
  background: var(--line);
}
.photo-card {
  min-width: 0;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 16px;
  background: #151515;
}
.photo-card.landscape {
  grid-column: span 2;
  align-self: start;
}
.photo-card img {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  aspect-ratio: 2 / 3;
  object-fit: cover;
  background: #0f0f0f;
}
.photo-card.landscape img { aspect-ratio: 3 / 2; }
.photo-card figcaption {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 36px 1fr;
  gap: 10px;
  padding: 12px 0 2px;
  font-size: 11px;
  line-height: 1.4;
  letter-spacing: .08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.photo-card figcaption span { color: var(--accent); }
.photo-card figcaption strong { font-weight: 500; }
.photo-endnote {
  min-height: 0;
  aspect-ratio: 2 / 3;
  padding: 24px;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: space-between;
  background: #151515;
}
.photo-endnote span {
  color: var(--accent);
  font: 18px Georgia, serif;
}
.photo-endnote p {
  max-width: 210px;
  margin: 0;
  color: #d5d5cf;
  font: 14px/1.5 Georgia, serif;
}
.practice-chapter.dark {
  --paper: #151515;
  --ink: #f5f5ef;
  --muted: #999994;
  --line: #393936;
  --accent: #ef5a45;
  background: #151515;
  color: #f5f5ef;
}
.practice-chapter.dark .placeholder {
  border-color: #555;
  background:
    linear-gradient(32deg, transparent calc(50% - .5px), #53534f 50%, transparent calc(50% + .5px)),
    linear-gradient(-32deg, transparent calc(50% - .5px), #53534f 50%, transparent calc(50% + .5px)),
    #242424;
}
.practice-chapter.dark .placeholder-code,
.practice-chapter.dark .placeholder-format { background: #151515; }
.practice-chapter.dark .placeholder-word { color: #666; }
.practice-chapter.dark .media-card figcaption { border-color: #393936; }

footer {
  min-height: 110px;
  padding: 28px 3vw;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1.4fr 1fr 1fr auto;
  gap: 24px;
  align-items: center;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  font-size: 12px;
  letter-spacing: .08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
footer a:last-child { color: #ef5a45; }

@media (max-width: 1200px) {
  .layout-strip { grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr)); }
  .layout-grid-4 { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)); }
  .chapter-body { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 220px) minmax(0, 1fr); }
}

@media (max-width: 1100px) {
  .index-table > a {
    grid-template-columns: 46px minmax(0, 1fr) minmax(0, 1fr) 28px;
  }
  .index-count { display: none; }
  .chapter-cover {
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 15vw) minmax(0, 1fr);
  }
  .chapter-statement { grid-column: 2; min-width: 0; }
  .practice-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)); }
  .photo-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr)); }
  .practice-chapter > header,
  .photography-chapter > header {
    grid-template-columns: 60px minmax(0, 1fr);
  }
  .practice-chapter > header > p,
  .photo-thesis {
    grid-column: 2;
  }
  .gallery-header {
    grid-template-columns: 48px minmax(0, 1fr);
  }
  .gallery-header > p { grid-column: 2; }
}

@media (max-width: 860px) {
  html { scroll-padding-top: 0; }
  .site-header { position: relative; height: auto; min-height: 72px; padding-block: 18px; }
  .identity { min-width: 0; }
  .identity span { display: none; }
  .site-header nav { gap: 12px; flex-wrap: wrap; justify-content: flex-end; }
  .work-index { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .work-index > header { min-height: min(65vh, 520px); border-right: 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
  .work-index h1 { margin-top: 8vh; font-size: clamp(40px, 12vw, 88px); }
  .index-table > a { grid-template-columns: 44px minmax(0, 1fr) 28px; }
  .index-table p { display: none; }
  .chapter-cover {
    min-height: 0;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    background: var(--paper);
  }
  .chapter-number { font-size: clamp(72px, 22vw, 120px); }
  .chapter-title h2 { font-size: clamp(36px, 10vw, 64px); }
  .chapter-statement { grid-column: auto; }
  .chapter-body { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .project-rail { border-right: 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
  .rail-sticky { position: static; min-height: 0; padding: 28px var(--page-gutter); }
  .rail-sticky nav {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  }
  .project-gallery { min-height: auto; }
  .gallery-header { grid-template-columns: 48px minmax(0, 1fr); }
  .gallery-header > p { grid-column: 2; margin-top: 0; }
  .back-link { display: none; }
  .group-header,
  .practice-chapter > header {
    grid-template-columns: 55px minmax(0, 1fr);
  }
  .group-note,
  .practice-chapter > header > p {
    grid-column: 2;
  }
  .photography-chapter > header { grid-template-columns: 55px minmax(0, 1fr); }
  .photo-thesis { grid-column: 2; }
  .layout-strip,
  .layout-grid-3 { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)); }
  .layout-feature { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)); }
  .layout-feature .media-card:first-child {
    grid-column: 1 / -1;
    grid-row: auto;
  }
  .practice-index > div { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .practice-index a { border-right: 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
  footer { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; }
}

@media (max-width: 560px) {
  .site-header { display: block; }
  .site-header nav { margin-top: 18px; justify-content: flex-start; }
  .work-index > header,
  .index-table,
  .chapter-cover,
  .content-group,
  .practice-index,
  .practice-chapter,
  .project-gallery,
  .portfolio-doc { padding-inline: 16px; }
  .index-table > a { min-height: 112px; grid-template-columns: 36px minmax(0, 1fr) 24px; }
  .index-table strong { font-size: clamp(18px, 5.5vw, 21px); }
  .chapter-title h2 { font-size: clamp(32px, 9vw, 48px); }
  .chapter-statement > div { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 8px; }
  .rail-sticky { padding-inline: 16px; }
  .rail-sticky nav { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .group-header,
  .practice-chapter > header,
  .photography-chapter > header { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .group-note,
  .practice-chapter > header > p,
  .photo-thesis { grid-column: auto; }
  .media-layout,
  .layout-grid-2,
  .layout-grid-3,
  .layout-grid-4,
  .layout-strip,
  .layout-feature,
  .practice-grid,
  .photo-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .layout-grid-3 .shape-hero,
  .layout-grid-4 .shape-landscape,
  .layout-grid-3 .shape-panorama,
  .layout-grid-2 .shape-panorama,
  .layout-grid-4 .shape-panorama,
  .practice-grid .shape-hero { grid-column: auto; }
  .practice-matrix .media-card { padding: 14px; }
  .photo-card.landscape { grid-column: auto; }
  .photo-endnote { aspect-ratio: auto; min-height: 260px; }
  .gallery-header { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .gallery-header > p { grid-column: auto; }
  .active-frame { padding: 0; }
  .active-frame:has(.placeholder) { padding: 10px; }
  .stage-caption { grid-template-columns: 46px minmax(0, 80px) minmax(0, 1fr); }
  .stage-caption > span:last-child { display: none; }
  .stage-controls { right: 7px; bottom: 7px; }
  .stage-controls button { width: 36px; height: 36px; }
  .media-card figcaption { grid-template-columns: 48px minmax(0, 80px) minmax(0, 1fr); }
  footer { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 16px; }
  .placeholder-word { font-size: clamp(16px, 5vw, 24px); }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  html { scroll-behavior: auto; }
  * { transition: none !important; }
}

/* ---- site integration: Portfolio PDF control + document viewer ---- */
:root {
  --clay: #c1572f;
  --clay-deep: #9c4324;
  --paper-bone: #f1ece1;
}

.page-portfolio {
  position: fixed;
  top: clamp(86px, 11vh, 110px);
  right: 3vw;
  z-index: 60;
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  font-family: inherit;
  font-size: clamp(0.78rem, 1.1vw, 0.95rem);
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.12em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--clay);
  text-decoration: none;
  padding: 12px 16px;
  border: 1.5px solid var(--clay);
  background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--paper) 94%, white);
  backdrop-filter: blur(8px);
  transition: color .3s ease, background .3s ease, border-color .3s ease;
}
.page-portfolio:hover,
.page-portfolio:focus-visible {
  color: #fff;
  background: var(--clay);
  border-color: var(--clay);
  outline: none;
}

.portfolio-doc {
  padding: clamp(60px, 10vh, 120px) 3vw;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: var(--paper);
}
.portfolio-doc__kicker {
  margin: 0 0 10px;
  font-size: 12px;
  letter-spacing: .16em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--muted);
}
.portfolio-doc__head {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: flex-end;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 20px;
  margin-bottom: 28px;
}
.portfolio-doc h2 {
  margin: 0;
  max-width: 18ch;
  font-size: clamp(28px, 4vw, 48px);
  line-height: 1.02;
  letter-spacing: -0.03em;
  font-weight: 500;
}
.portfolio-doc__actions {
  display: flex;
  gap: 12px;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.portfolio-doc .btn {
  display: inline-block;
  padding: 12px 18px;
  border: 1px solid var(--ink);
  font-size: 12px;
  letter-spacing: .12em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  transition: background .25s ease, color .25s ease, border-color .25s ease;
}
.portfolio-doc .btn:hover {
  background: var(--ink);
  color: var(--paper);
}
.portfolio-doc .btn--clay {
  background: var(--clay);
  border-color: var(--clay);
  color: #fff;
}
.portfolio-doc .btn--clay:hover {
  background: var(--clay-deep);
  border-color: var(--clay-deep);
  color: #fff;
}
.pdf-frame {
  width: 100%;
  height: 86vh;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: var(--soft);
}
.portfolio-doc__note {
  margin: 16px 0 0;
  font-size: 12px;
  letter-spacing: .06em;
  color: var(--muted);
}

@media (max-width: 720px) {
  .page-portfolio {
    top: auto;
    bottom: 18px;
    right: 16px;
  }
  .pdf-frame { height: 70vh; }
}

.site-header,
.identity,
.site-header nav a,
.index-table,
.practice-index,
.portfolio-doc__kicker,
.portfolio-doc .btn {
  font-family: var(--mono);
}
.work-index > header > p,
.work-index > header > span,
.index-no,
.index-count,
.index-arrow {
  font-family: var(--mono);
}